Glossary

Name: WoodComp: world wood fibre consumers
Creator: woodcomp.world AB
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

Quick reference for the abbreviations and terms used across WoodComp's knowledge base and mill database.

Raw materials and assortments

Bagasse: Sugarcane residue used as non-wood fibre.
Bark: The outer layer removed before pulping or sawing. Normally burned for energy on site.
Chips: Wood cut into uniform pieces, either produced deliberately from roundwood or as a sawmill byproduct. A traded raw material for pulp and board mills.
OCC: Old Corrugated Containers. The main recovered-paper grade for packaging.
Pulpwood: Roundwood that does not meet sawlog requirements and is used for pulping or board. The boundary against sawlogs is commercial, not botanical.
Roundwood: Felled tree stems before processing.
Sawdust: Wood removed by the saw cut itself. Short fibred, used mainly for pellets, particleboard and energy.
Sawlog: Roundwood meeting minimum diameter, straightness and quality thresholds for sawing into boards.
Shavings: Clean, dry, low density material from planing.

BCTMP: Bleached Chemi-ThermoMechanical Pulp. High-yield, high-bulk pulp for board and tissue.
BEKP: Bleached Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp. Plantation hardwood grade; brightness, bulk, softness.
BHKP: Bleached Hardwood Kraft Pulp. Short-fibre grade for smoothness and opacity (northern variant: NBHK).
BSKP: Bleached Softwood Kraft Pulp. Long-fibre strength grade (northern premium variant: NBSK).
CTMP: Chemi-ThermoMechanical Pulp. Chemically pre-treated, mechanically refined; unbleached sibling of BCTMP.
DIP: DeInked Pulp. Recovered paper with inks and adhesives removed.
DWP: Dissolving Wood Pulp. Near-pure cellulose for viscose/rayon textiles and cellulose derivatives.
Fluff pulp: Softwood kraft dried in rolls and defibrated into absorbent cores for hygiene products.
NBSK: Northern Bleached Softwood Kraft. The global benchmark pulp grade.
TMP: ThermoMechanical Pulp. Steamed chips refined mechanically; newsprint's workhorse.
SGW / PGW: Stone / Pressure GroundWood. Logs ground against a revolving stone, at atmospheric or elevated pressure.
UKP: Unbleached Kraft Pulp. Brown strength grades for packaging, any fibre source.
USKP: Unbleached Softwood Kraft Pulp. The softwood-specific UKP variant for the highest-strength applications.

Kraft (sulphate) process: Dominant chemical pulping: cooking in sodium hydroxide and sodium sulphide, with chemical recovery.
NSSC: Neutral Sulphite Semi-Chemical. Mild sulphite treatment plus refining; the standard fluting process.
Sulphite process: Chemical pulping with sulphurous acid/bisulphite; now mainly specialty and dissolving pulp.
Deinking: Washing/flotation of recovered paper to remove inks.
Recovery boiler: Burns black liquor to regenerate cooking chemicals and produce steam and power.

Appearance grading: Sorting boards by how the surface looks (knots, wane, discoloration). Governed in Europe by EN 1611-1 for softwood.
Band saw: Breakdown machine with a thin continuous blade. Narrow cut, handles large or irregular logs.
Cant: The squared centre piece left when the outer parts of a log have been removed.
Chipper canter: Breakdown machine that chips the outer wood away directly instead of sawing slabs off. Also known as chip-n-saw.
Kerf: The width of the cut itself. Every millimetre of blade thickness becomes sawdust rather than board.
Kiln drying: Reducing timber moisture to a specified target in a heated chamber. Moisture content is specified to the EN 13183 series.
Lumber tally: North American volume convention for sawn timber, stated in board feet (MBF is a thousand board feet). Nominal tally overstates actual volume, so a conversion factor applies.
Strength class: Structural timber classification such as C24, assigned under EN 338 with grading governed by EN 14081-1. Can be visual or machine based.
Wane: Bark or missing wood along an edge of a sawn board, a defect in appearance grading.
Yield (sawmilling): The share of log volume leaving as sawn timber. Depends on where the output is measured, and on log diameter.

CLT: Cross Laminated Timber. Boards glued in alternating crosswise layers into large wall and floor panels (EN 16351).
Finger jointing: Gluing short lengths end to end into long defect free members (EN 15497 for structural use).
Glulam: Glued laminated timber. Boards glued face to face into beams and columns (EN 14080).
LVL: Laminated Veneer Lumber. Veneers glued with the grain parallel, giving predictable strength.
Planed timber: Timber surfaced to an exact cross section, sold to a dimension rather than a nominal size.
Treated timber: Preservative impregnated timber for outdoor exposure.

BECCS: Bio-Energy Carbon Capture and Storage. Capturing biogenic CO2 for net negative emissions.
Black liquor: Spent kraft cooking liquid, rich in lignin; the mill's main fuel.
CTO / TOFA / TOR / DTO: Crude Tall Oil and its fractions (Fatty Acids, Rosin, Distilled). Softwood kraft byproducts for fuels, resins and chemicals.
Lignin: The polymer binding wood fibres; dissolved in chemical pulping, emerging as a bio-material feedstock.
Turpentine: Volatile terpenes recovered from softwood kraft cooking.

Containerboard: Collective term for linerboard and fluting used in corrugated boxes.
FBB / SBS / WLC: Folding BoxBoard, Solid Bleached Sulphate, White-Lined Chipboard: the main cartonboard families.
Fluting (corrugating medium): The waved middle layer of corrugated board.
Kraftliner: Virgin-fibre linerboard; testliner is its recycled counterpart.
LWC / SC: LightWeight Coated / SuperCalendered magazine papers.
UWF / CWF: Uncoated / Coated WoodFree (fine) papers.

Capacity: A value, a unit and what the value measures, as the source states it. Pulp mills are reported in tonnes of pulp per year, sawmills in cubic metres of sawn timber or of log intake. See methodology.
Facility category: The classification that decides what appears where: pulp mills, biorefineries, sawmills, and pellet and energy plants as the dataset grows. Paper-only, tissue and converting sites are recorded but outside published scope. See methodology.
Status: One of operating, idled, closed, converted, project or unknown, with the year of the latest change where one is known. Idled and closed are deliberately separate: idled capacity can return. See methodology.
Location precision: Site, city, country or unverified. Only site-verified facilities appear as map pins. See methodology.